In the sequence of bases on the mRNA codon is AUU, what would be the sequence of bases on the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA?
A) UUA
B) UAA*****
C) ATT
D) TAA
Which of the following correctly show the sequence of organelles a protein would take if it were being exported from the cell?
A) Ribosome→Smooth ER→Vesicle→Rough ER
B) Ribosome→Rough ER→Vesicle→Golgi Apparatus→Vesicle→Cell Membrane*****
C) Robosome→Vesicle→Rough ER→Vesicle→Golgi Apparatus→Cell Membrane
D) Smooth ER→Vesicle→Golgi Apparatus→ Rough ER→ Vesicle→Nucleus
The endomembrane system is a collection of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells that handles the production and processing of proteins that will be used in organelles or exported to the outside of the cell. The rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum all have parts to play in this system. These functions are __________, respectively.
A) DNA packaging, DNA making, DNA storing
B) protein packaging, protein making, and lipid production
C) protein making, protein packaging, and lipid production****
D) DNA making, DNA packaging, and DNA storing
In which part of the cell do ribosomes perform protein synthesis?
A) nucleus
B) vacuole
C) cytoplasm****
D) lyosome
What would happen to a cell that lacked smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A) Its cell membrane would be impermeable.
B) It would not be able to replicate DNA.
C) It would not be able to make lipids.*****
D) It would not be able to produce tRNA.
A) UAA*****
B) Ribosome→Rough ER→Vesicle→Golgi Apparatus→Vesicle→Cell Membrane*****
C) protein making, protein packaging, and lipid production****
C) cytoplasm****
C) It would not be able to make lipids.*****
The answers to the questions are as follows:
1) In the sequence of bases on the mRNA codon AUU, the sequence of bases on the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA would be B) UAA.
2) The correct sequence of organelles a protein would take if it were being exported from the cell is B) Ribosome→Rough ER→Vesicle→Golgi Apparatus→Vesicle→Cell Membrane.
3) The functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the endomembrane system are respectively C) protein making, protein packaging, and lipid production.
4) Ribosomes perform protein synthesis in the C) cytoplasm.
5) A cell that lacked smooth endoplasmic reticulum would not be able to make lipids (option C).
To find the sequence of bases on the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA, we need to use the complementary base pairing rules. In RNA, the base Thymine (T) is replaced by Uracil (U). Therefore, the opposite strand assembled by the tRNA will have sequence UAA. The correct answer is B) UAA.
To answer the question about the sequence of organelles a protein would take if it were being exported from the cell, we need to understand the pathway of protein synthesis and processing. The correct pathway is B) Ribosome → Rough ER → Vesicle → Golgi Apparatus → Vesicle → Cell Membrane. The ribosome synthesizes the protein, the Rough ER assists in protein folding and initial modifications, the vesicle transports the protein to the Golgi Apparatus where further modifications occur, and finally, another vesicle carries the protein to the cell membrane for export.
To determine the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the endomembrane system, we need to understand their respective roles. The correct answer is C) protein making, protein packaging, and lipid production. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis, the Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins, and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid production and detoxification.
To determine in which part of the cell ribosomes perform protein synthesis, we need to understand the basic structure of a cell. The correct answer is C) cytoplasm. Ribosomes are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and they are responsible for protein synthesis.
To answer the last question about the lack of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell, we need to understand the function of smooth ER. The correct answer is C) It would not be able to make lipids. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism, and if a cell lacks it, it would not be able to carry out these functions.