identify the process that represents how organisms grow and replace old or damaged cells.
Identify the process that is necessary for sexual reproduction, explain why it is necessary, and identify how this process increases genetic variation. (Hint: Answer is either mitosis or meiosis.
Summarize the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
Please help me with these questions
From Google:
Mitosis and meiosis are both processes which describe the production of new cells. Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells which are genetically identical to the parent cell. Each daughter cell is diploid (contains the normal number of chromosomes). This is the result of DNA replication and 1 cell division. Mitosis is used in growth and asexual reproduction. Meiosis produces 4 daughter cells, each of which are unidentical to the parent cell and to one another. Each daughter cell is haploid (contains half the number of normal chromosomes). This is the result of DNA replication, followed by crossing over of homologous chromosomes and separation of chromosomes. There are two cell divisions: the parent cell divides once and then each cell produced by this first division divides once. Meiosis is used to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells), the cells of sexual reproduction. Two gametes fuse to form a zygote, a diploid cell with the full number of chromosomes.
Don't just copy the material. Express the ideas in your own words. Although this will take more time and effort, you will learn more.
No
u suc el oh el
Sure! I'd be happy to help you with these questions.
1. The process that represents how organisms grow and replace old or damaged cells is called cell division. Specifically, the process of cell division that involves the growth and replacement of cells is known as mitosis. During mitosis, a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This process allows organisms to increase their cell numbers, repair damaged tissues, and maintain their overall body structure and function.
To identify the process that represents cell division, you can observe the characteristics of mitosis. Mitosis involves a series of distinct stages, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. These stages can be observed and studied under a microscope by preparing and staining a sample of cells, such as those from a tissue or organ. By examining the cells at different stages of division, you can identify the process of mitosis and recognize its role in growth and cell replacement.
2. The process necessary for sexual reproduction is meiosis. Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction because it involves the formation of gametes (sperm and egg) with half the chromosome number of the parent cell. When two gametes fuse during fertilization, they combine their genetic material to produce offspring with a unique combination of traits.
To identify why meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction, you can examine the characteristics and functions of meiosis. Meiosis consists of two divisions, known as meiosis I and meiosis II, which result in the formation of four non-identical daughter cells. These daughter cells, known as gametes, have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This halving of the chromosome number is important because it ensures that when the gametes combine during fertilization, the resulting offspring will have the correct number of chromosomes. Additionally, meiosis shuffles and recombines the genetic material, which increases genetic variation in the offspring.
3. The differences between mitosis and meiosis can be summarized as follows:
a) Mitosis:
- Single division of a parent cell produces two identical daughter cells.
- Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Occurs in somatic cells (body cells).
- Primarily involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
- No genetic variation is introduced.
b) Meiosis:
- Two divisions of a parent cell produce four non-identical daughter cells.
- Daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- Occurs in reproductive cells (gametes).
- Primarily involved in sexual reproduction.
- Introduces genetic variation through crossing over and the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis I and meiosis II.
To summarize, mitosis results in the production of identical cells for growth and repair, while meiosis produces non-identical gametes for sexual reproduction, introducing genetic variation in the offspring.