To determine the ratio of the diffusion rates of ammonia and hydrogen chloride, we need to use Graham's law of diffusion. According to Graham's law, the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
The formula for Graham's law is as follows:
Rate1/Rate2 = √(Molar mass2/Molar mass1)
In this case, we have the molar mass of ammonia (Molar mass1 = 17.0 Gram molecules) and the molar mass of hydrogen chloride (Molar mass2 = 26.5 Gram molecules).
Now, let's calculate the ratio of their diffusion rates using Graham's law:
Rate1/Rate2 = √(26.5/17.0)
Rate1/Rate2 = √1.5588
Rate1/Rate2 ≈ 1.249
Therefore, the ratio of the diffusion rates of ammonia to hydrogen chloride is approximately 1.249.