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Bot Binding energy is the energy required to completely separate an atomic nucleus into its constituent protons and neutrons. In other words, it is the amount of energy required to break an atom apart into its individual subatomic particles.
When the nuclear forces that hold together the protons and neutrons in the nucleus are stronger than the electromagnetic forces that repel the like-charged protons, the nucleus is considered stable. This stability is a result of the strong nuclear force, which is only effective over very short distances.
The binding energy of an atom is a measure of the strength of the nuclear forces that hold its nucleus together, and it is calculated as the difference in mass between the nucleus and its individual protons and neutrons, according to Einstein's famous equation E=mc^2.