one morning you are given 3 test tubes of aqueous solutions of compound X: the "A" tube was set up as unsaturated, while "B" was set up as Saturated in a beaker, then poured of into the tube, and "C" was carefully set up as supersaturated. At lunchtime, someone removed the labels from the tubes. Tell how you would test the solution using on crystal of X for each tube, and what results you would find to properly re-label the "A," "B," "C" tubes.
drop the crystal in each tube.
If it crystallizes, you dropped it in C
if it is unchanged, you dropped it in B
if it dissolves, you dropped it in A
To properly re-label the "A," "B," and "C" test tubes, you can perform the following tests using a crystal of compound X:
1. Test for Unsaturated Solution (Tube A):
a. Take a crystal of compound X and drop it into Tube A.
b. Observe if the crystal fully dissolves in the solution.
c. If the crystal completely dissolves, the solution is unsaturated.
2. Test for Saturated Solution (Tube B):
a. Take a fresh crystal of compound X and drop it into Tube B.
b. Observe if the crystal dissolves or remains undissolved in the solution.
c. If the crystal remains undissolved, the solution is saturated.
3. Test for Supersaturated Solution (Tube C):
a. Take a crystal of compound X and drop it into Tube C.
b. Observe if any additional crystals begin to form around the dropped crystal.
c. If new crystals form, it indicates the solution was supersaturated.
Based on the results of these tests, you can properly re-label the test tubes as follows:
- Tube A: Unsaturated solution
- Tube B: Saturated solution
- Tube C: Supersaturated solution
To properly re-label the "A," "B," and "C" test tubes, you can use the crystal of compound X to perform a recrystallization test. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to conduct the test and determine the correct labels for each tube:
1. Begin by taking a small crystal of compound X and dropping it into the first test tube. Observe the behavior of the crystal in the solution.
2. If the crystal completely dissolves without any visible changes, it suggests that the solution in this tube is unsaturated, and it should be labeled as "A." This result indicates that more solute can be dissolved in the solvent.
3. Take another crystal of compound X and place it in the second test tube. Observe the crystal in the solution.
4. If the crystal remains intact and does not dissolve, it indicates that the solution in this tube is saturated, and it should be labeled as "B." In a saturated solution, the solvent has dissolved as much solute as it can at a given temperature, resulting in equilibrium between the solute and solvent.
5. Finally, take the last crystal of compound X and carefully suspend it in the third test tube. Observe the crystal in the solution.
6. If the crystal starts dissolving, and slowly more and more solute is deposited on the crystal, it suggests that the solution in this tube is supersaturated. A supersaturated solution contains more solute dissolved than the amount normally possible at a given temperature. Label this tube as "C."
By following these steps and observing the behavior of the crystal of compound X in each solution, you can correctly re-label the "A," "B," and "C" test tubes according to their saturation levels.