Hello all,

In our math class, we are practicing the trigonometric identities (i.e., sin^2(x)+cos^2(x)=1 or cot(x)=cos(x)/sin(x). Now, we are working on proofs that two sides of an equation are equal (for example, sin(x)*csc(x)=1; sin(x)csc(x)=sin(x)/sin(x)=1; 1=1). I am not having much trouble with these problems, but two are proving rather difficult for me. They are:

csc^2(x)/cot(x)=csc(x)sec(x)

and

cot^3(x)/csc(x)=cos(x)*csc^2(x)-1

Could I please get a kick in the right direction?

Thanks,

Timothy

1)

csc²(x)=1/sin²(x) and cot(x)=cos(x)/sin(x)

=> csc²(x)/cot(x) = sin(x)/(sin²(x)*cos(x))

We can scrap one of the sinus factors in both the numerator and denominator, so that the expression equals:

1/(sin(x)*cos(x))

Since csc(x)=1/sin(x) and sec(x)=1/cos(x)

the expression we found equals csc(x)*sec(x). So we have proven the equality.

2)

csc(x)=1/sin(x) and cot(x)=cos(x)/sin(x)

=> cot^3(x)/csc(x)=cos^3(x)*sin(x)/sin^3(x)
=cos^3(x)/sin²(x)

Now, we know that cos²(x)=1-sin²(x)
=> cos^3(x)=cos(x)*(1-sin²(x))=cos(x)-cos(x)*sin²(x)

So, when we fill this in in the equation we get that:

cos^3(x)/sin²(x)=(cos(x)-cos(x)*sin²(x))/sin²(x)

We can split this fraction in two separate fractions, namely:

(cos(x)/sin²(x)) - (cos(x)*sin²(x)/sin²(x))

= cos(x)*csc²(x) - cos(x)
= cos(x) (csc²(x)-1)

It seems to me you forget a pair of brackets in your question.

Thank you very much for the assistance. I understand this perfectly. Have a good day. :)

Hi Timothy,

I'd be happy to help you with these proofs. Let's take them one at a time.

To prove the equation csc^2(x)/cot(x) = csc(x)sec(x), we can start by working on the left side of the equation and simplify it step by step until we reach the right side.

First, let's rewrite csc^2(x) as (1/sin^2(x)). Now we have:

(1/sin^2(x))/cot(x)

Next, let's rewrite cot(x) as (cos(x)/sin(x)). Now we have:

(1/sin^2(x))/(cos(x)/sin(x))

To divide by a fraction, we can multiply by its reciprocal. So, we can rewrite the equation as:

(1/sin^2(x)) * (sin(x)/cos(x))

Now, let's simplify the expression by canceling out common terms:

1 * sin(x) / (sin^2(x) * cos(x))

Now, we can write sin(x) as (1/csc(x)). In other words, sin(x) = 1/csc(x):

(1/csc(x)) / (sin^2(x) * cos(x))

Next, let's rewrite sin^2(x) as (1 - cos^2(x)). This is based on the Pythagorean Identity sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1:

(1/csc(x)) / ((1 - cos^2(x)) * cos(x))

Now, let's multiply the numerators and denominators together:

1 / (csc(x) * (1 - cos^2(x)) * cos(x))

Finally, we can rewrite csc(x) as (1/sin(x)) and cos(x) as (1/sec(x)). This gives us:

1 / ((1/sin(x)) * (1 - cos^2(x)) * (1/sec(x)))

Now, let's simplify the expression further:

1 / ((1/sin(x)) * (1 - cos^2(x)) * (1/(1/cos(x))))

At this point, you should notice that the terms in the denominator cancel out, leaving you with:

1 / (1 - cos^2(x))

Now, recall the Pythagorean Identity cos^2(x) + sin^2(x) = 1. By rearranging this identity, we can write cos^2(x) as (1 - sin^2(x)):

1 / (1 - (1 - sin^2(x)))

Now, simplify the expression:

1 / sin^2(x)

Finally, recall that csc(x) is the reciprocal of sin(x). So, we can write sin^2(x) as (1/csc^2(x)):

1 / (1/csc^2(x))

This gives us:

csc^2(x)

And this is equal to the right side of the equation we wanted to prove. Therefore, we have successfully proved that csc^2(x)/cot(x) = csc(x)sec(x).

I hope this explanation helps you understand the steps required to prove this equation. Let me know if you have any further questions or need help with the second proof.