name the gas transporting protein molecule present in the blood ? why this molecule is employed to transport oxygen but not carbondioxide.

The gas transporting protein molecule present in the blood is called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is found in red blood cells and is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues throughout the body.

Hemoglobin is highly efficient in binding with oxygen, which allows it to collect oxygen in the lungs where the concentration is high, and release it in tissues where the concentration is low. This process is known as oxygen loading and unloading.

However, when it comes to carbon dioxide, it is transported through the blood in a slightly different way. About 70% of carbon dioxide is converted into bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in red blood cells. These bicarbonate ions are then transported in the plasma, which is the liquid component of blood. The remaining carbon dioxide is dissolved directly in the plasma, and a small fraction is carried bound to hemoglobin.

There are several reasons why hemoglobin primarily transports oxygen but not carbon dioxide. One key reason is the difference in their chemical properties. Oxygen binds to the iron component of hemoglobin, forming a reversible bond, while carbon dioxide binds to different areas of hemoglobin, but in a less reversible manner. This allows hemoglobin to preferentially unload oxygen in tissues, while carbon dioxide can be readily dissolved and transported in the plasma.

Furthermore, the body needs to maintain a precise balance of carbon dioxide levels for proper pH regulation. By using different mechanisms for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, the body can regulate the levels of each gas independently, ensuring efficient gas exchange and maintaining homeostasis.