Enter the formula and state of the major species that result when a few grams (about 0.01 mol) of each substance is added to 100 mL of water. When appropriate use water to form species such as the hydronium ion. Separate multiple species by commas.
sulfur dioxide
silver sulfide
nitrous acid
strontium fluoride
can you give me an example? I am not sure what they are asking for
SrF2 + H2O ==> Sr^+2(aq) + 2F^-(aq)
Certainly! In this question, you are being asked to identify the major species formed when a few grams (about 0.01 mol) of each substance is added to 100 mL of water. The major species refers to the primary ions or molecules that are present in significant amounts in the solution.
To determine the major species, we need to consider the chemical reactions that occur between the substance and water, if any. Let's go through each substance one by one:
1. Sulfur dioxide (SO2): When SO2 dissolves in water, it reacts with water to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3). The equation is as follows:
SO2 + H2O → H2SO3
Therefore, the major species will be sulfurous acid (H2SO3) and water (H2O).
2. Silver sulfide (Ag2S): Silver sulfide does not react directly with water. Instead, it is sparingly soluble in water but undergoes a partial dissociation. The equation is as follows:
Ag2S ⇌ 2Ag+ + S2-
Therefore, the major species will be silver ions (Ag+) and sulfide ions (S2-).
3. Nitrous acid (HNO2): Nitrous acid dissociates in water to form hydronium ions (H3O+) and nitrite ions (NO2-). The equation is as follows:
HNO2 + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + NO2-
Therefore, the major species will be hydronium ions (H3O+), nitrite ions (NO2-), and water (H2O).
4. Strontium fluoride (SrF2): Strontium fluoride is an ionic compound that dissolves completely in water, causing it to dissociate into strontium ions (Sr2+) and fluoride ions (F-). The equation is as follows:
SrF2 → Sr2+ + 2F-
Therefore, the major species will be strontium ions (Sr2+), fluoride ions (F-), and water (H2O).
Remember to include water (H2O) as one of the major species whenever relevant, such as when a substance dissolves or reacts with water.