A research article included the following table:
Mean Score on Four Questionnarie Scales Before and After the Experimental Manipulation.
Questionnaire Before After Change
Dominance 18.42 16.31 -2.11
Independence 17.25 21.38 4.13**
Conformity 18.97 17.20 -1.77*
Nurturance 16.11 13.89 -2.22*
_________________________
* p<.05 **p<.01
What can be said about the "Independence" difference score? (Points :1)
It is not statistically significant
It is statistically significant at the .05 level
It is statistically significant at the .01 level
It is statistically significant at the .10 level
If p<.01, it is significant at the .01 level.
If p<.05, it is significant at the .05 level.
I hope this helps.
Based on the information given in the table, the "Independence" difference score of 4.13 is marked with the symbol "**", which indicates that it is statistically significant at the .01 level.
To determine the significance of the "Independence" difference score, we need to examine the provided information and the associated p-values.
The table shows the mean scores on the "Independence" scale before and after the experimental manipulation. The mean score before the manipulation is 17.25, and the mean score after the manipulation is 21.38. The difference between these scores is calculated as 4.13.
In the table, p-values are indicated using asterisks. The two types of p-values mentioned are p<.05 and p<.01. These indicate the significance levels at which the observed differences are considered statistically significant.
In this case, the difference score for "Independence" is followed by two asterisks (**) which indicate that the difference is statistically significant at the p<.01 level. This means that the observed change in the mean scores for the "Independence" scale, from before to after the experimental manipulation, is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone.
Therefore, the correct statement about the "Independence" difference score is: "It is statistically significant at the .01 level."