1. Explain in detail why a ciliated epithelial cell has a column shape.
2. Explain fully how the column shape helps the function of the ciliated epithelial cell.
3. Explain fully how the ciliated epithelial cell is specialised in different ways and how these help its function.
1. A ciliated epithelial cell has a column shape because it is composed of a single layer of cells that are tightly packed together. The cells are arranged in a column-like shape, with the nucleus located at the base of the cell and the cilia extending from the top. This shape allows the cilia to be arranged in a uniform pattern, which is important for the cell's function.
2. The column shape of the ciliated epithelial cell helps it to perform its function of moving substances along the surface of the cell. The cilia are arranged in a uniform pattern, which allows them to beat in a coordinated manner. This coordinated beating of the cilia creates a current that moves substances along the surface of the cell. This helps the cell to transport substances such as mucus, which helps to keep the surface of the cell clean and free of debris.
3. The ciliated epithelial cell is specialised in different ways to help it perform its function. The cilia are covered in a layer of mucus, which helps to lubricate the surface of the cell and allows the cilia to move more easily. The cilia are also arranged in a specific pattern, which helps to create a current that moves substances along the surface of the cell. The cell also has a nucleus, which contains the genetic material that helps to control the cell's functions. Finally, the cell has a cell membrane, which helps to regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell. All of these specialisations help the ciliated epithelial cell to perform its function of moving substances along the surface of the cell.