Here are the answers for Biology Unit 8 Lesson 9 Organizing Data About Expressed Traits -
1. In a normal distribution, the number of organisms exhibiting a phenotype variant near the lowest value is
Answer - less than the number exhibiting a variant near the middle value.
2. Kamar wants to know his mother's blood type. Kamar knows that his blood type is AB and his father’s blood type is heterozygous A. What can Kamar assume about his mother’s blood type?
Answer - Kamar’s mother must be either AB or B because blood types AB is considered codominant
3. A statistician collects height data in inches for a school district. Which sample is most likely to produce a normal distribution?
Answer - Grades 10-12
4. The different variants of a trait available to a gene are called
Answer - Alleles
5. A wolf populations’ undercoat thickness follows a normal distribution. Suppose winters grow colder due to climate change accelerating because of human interference.
Answer - The distribution of undercoat thickness will shift toward a thicker coat.
Hope this helps! Have a great day!
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To explain how to get the answers to the questions:
1. In a normal distribution, the number of organisms exhibiting a phenotype variant near the lowest value is less than the number exhibiting a variant near the middle value. To understand this concept, you can study the characteristics of a normal distribution curve. In a normal distribution, the curve is symmetrical, with the highest point (peak) representing the mean value. The curve gradually decreases on both sides of the mean. When it comes to the numbers of organisms exhibiting a phenotype variant, those near the lowest value will be fewer compared to those near the middle value since the curve decreases as it moves away from the mean.
2. To determine Kamar's mother's blood type, you need to consider the blood types of both Kamar and his father. Kamar's blood type is AB, which means he has inherited an A allele and a B allele. His father's blood type is heterozygous A, meaning he has inherited an A allele and another unknown allele (represented as A?). Based on this information, Kamar's mother's blood type can be assumed to be either AB or B. This conclusion is drawn by considering the possibility of Kamar's mother having a B allele, which is necessary for Kamar to have blood type AB, or Kamar's mother having blood type B, which would allow Kamar to inherit the B allele from her.
3. To determine which sample is most likely to produce a normal distribution of height data in inches for a school district, you need to consider the characteristics of a normal distribution and the factors likely to influence it. A normal distribution is symmetrical, with the highest frequency of data occurring around the mean and gradually decreasing towards the tails. In the context of height data for a school district, it is reasonable to expect that the older students (grades 10-12) would have a greater likelihood of exhibiting a normal distribution of height, as they would have completed more of their growth and development compared to younger grades. This assumption is based on the fact that height tends to follow a normal distribution as individuals mature.
4. The different variants of a trait available to a gene are called alleles. This term is commonly used in genetics to describe the different forms or versions of a gene that can exist. Each allele corresponds to a different characteristic or expression of a trait, such as eye color or blood type. For example, in the case of blood type, the different alleles are A, B, and O. Alleles can be dominant, recessive, or codominant, influencing how they are expressed in an individual's phenotype.
5. In the situation where a wolf population's undercoat thickness follows a normal distribution and winters grow colder due to climate change accelerating because of human interference, the distribution of undercoat thickness will shift toward a thicker coat. This is because wolves with thicker undercoats will have a higher chance of survival in colder winters, while those with thinner undercoats may be at a disadvantage. As a result, over time, the genetic makeup of the wolf population will shift as individuals with thicker undercoats have a higher likelihood of passing on their traits to the next generation. This phenomenon is an example of natural selection and adaptation to changing environmental conditions.