Question

The Radical Republicans drafted the Reconstruction Amendments to grant equality to newly freed African Americans. However, despite this intention, southern states found ways to limit African American rights. In a paragraph, choose one amendment and analyze how it’s effect differed from its intended purpose. Make sure to include what Radical Republicans wanted the amendment to do and then how it was changed in reality.

Answer 1

After ratification of the 13th amendment to the US Constitution, the main task of the radical Republicans was the adoption of the Civil Rights Bill and the development of the text of the future 14th amendment. These legislative acts were to be the next step on the way to the emancipation of the Black population of the Union. Member of the House of Representatives Thaddeus Stevens and Senator William Fessenden led the work on the 14th amendment. However, members of the Republican Party in 1866 divided on the list of those rights that it was planned to give former slaves. At the same time, the radical wing consisted of politicians who, with the help of the nation-state, wanted to guarantee the Black population equal rights in politics and equal opportunities in a free labor economy. However, conservative Republicans, for whom granting former slaves the right to vote even ten years later was a radical step, did not support this initiative. Since Stevens could not neglect the votes of the conservatives, on April 28, 1866 he submitted to the Committee on Reconstruction a text that excluded this provision. A draft of 14th amendment approved by the committee was submitted to both houses of Congress on April 30, 1866. Ratification of the 14th amendment to the US Constitution occurred on July 9, 1868, two years after its adoption by Congress. The first southern state to approve and ratify this amendment on July 9, 1866 was Tennessee. Thanks to this, on July 24, 1866, the state was reinstated as a member of the Union, and its representatives became full members of Congress. Further South Reconstruction activities covered ten former rebel states.

This amendment was a compromise that could temporarily unite representatives of different movements of the Republican Party in Congress. A radical solution to the issue of suffrage for the Black population did not find support among conservatives, and without their votes the amendment had no chance of adoption.

Answer 2

Thank you! :)

Answer 3

Np! Have a nice friday. :)

Answer 4

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Answer 5

[AI-generated answer — Explain Bot]

One amendment that had a significant difference between its intended purpose and its reality in the context of limiting African American rights during Reconstruction is the Fourteenth Amendment. The Radical Republicans intended for the Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, to provide equal protection under the law to all individuals, including African Americans. It was aimed at overturning the Dred Scott decision and granting citizenship rights, due process, and equal protection to African Americans. However, in reality, southern states found ways to circumvent its true intentions and effectively limit African American rights. Southern states enacted a series of discriminatory laws known as "Black Codes" to restrict the freedoms of newly freed African Americans. These laws imposed severe limitations on their rights, such as denying them the right to vote, own property, serve on juries, and access public accommodations. The southern states argued that these laws did not directly violate the Fourteenth Amendment since they were applied to all individuals, regardless of race. Ultimately, although the Fourteenth Amendment aimed to grant equality, it fell short in preventing southern states from finding loopholes in order to limit African American rights.