What geological principle refers to the observation that rock formations are usually deposited in horizontal layers? A. superposition B. correlation C. law of inclusion D. law of cross cutting
The geological principle that refers to the observation that rock formations are usually deposited in horizontal layers is A. superposition.
The geological principle that refers to the observation that rock formations are usually deposited in horizontal layers is known as A. superposition.
To arrive at this answer, we can follow these steps:
1. Understand the question: The question is asking for the geological principle that describes the typical deposition of rock formations in horizontal layers.
2. Review the answer choices:
- A. superposition
- B. correlation
- C. law of inclusion
- D. law of cross-cutting
3. Analyze each answer choice:
- B. Correlation refers to the association or connection of rock layers across different locations.
- C. The law of inclusion states that rock fragments found within another rock layer must be older than the layer they are contained in.
- D. The law of cross-cutting states that a geological feature (such as faults or intrusions) that cuts across another rock layer is younger than the layer it cuts through.
- A. Superposition is the geological principle that states that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary rocks, the oldest rocks are found at the bottom and the youngest at the top. Therefore, it supports the observation that rock formations are usually deposited in horizontal layers.
4. Compare the answer choices: Among the given options, only option A, superposition, directly addresses the question by describing the deposition of rocks in horizontal layers.
5. Select the correct answer: Therefore, the correct answer is A. superposition.
By carefully reviewing each answer choice and understanding the concepts related to the question, we can arrive at the correct answer, which in this case is the principle of superposition.