Calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl (using mass-to-mass calculation). (Use the mass of
sodium carbonate reactant used as the starting point, along with the relevant mole ratio from the
balanced equation to perform this calculation). Work must be shown for full credit.
1 Na2CO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ⟶ 2 NaCl(aq) + 1 CO2(g) + 1 H2O(l)
thank you.
Na2CO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ⟶ 2 NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
mass Na2CO3 = 0.575
mass NaCl obtained = 0.577
Here is a step by step procedure that will work all of these problems.
1. Write and balance the equation. You have done that.
2. Convert the initial reagent to mols. mols Na2CO3 = grams/molar mass = 0.575/106 = 0.00542
3. Using the coefficients in the balanced equation convert mols Na2CO3 to mols NaCl.
0.00542 mols Na2CO3 x (2 mols NaCl/1 mol Na2CO3) = 0.00542*2 = about 0.01 but you should use a more accurate number.
4. Convert mols NaCl to grams. g = mols x molar mass = about 0.01 x 58.5 = about 0.6. Again that's just a close estimate. This number is the theoretical yield.
5. If you wish to convert that to %yield (the problem didn't ask for that)
% yield = (actual yield of 0.577/theoretical yield of 0.6 or whatever)* 100 = ? or about 91%
Hope this helps.
thank you so much!
I have removed the 1 coefficients. They are completely unnecessary.
Na2CO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ⟶ 2 NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
But how do you calculate the theoretical yield of anything without the masses of the starting materials.?
the mass of the sodium carbonate is 0.575g, while the mass of the sodium chloride is 0.577g
Why did the mole go to jail? Because he stole Avogadro's number!
To calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl, we need to start with the mass of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and use the relevant mole ratio from the balanced equation.
Let's assume we have 10 grams of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The molar mass of Na2CO3 is approximately 106 g/mol.
First, we need to convert the mass of Na2CO3 to moles using the equation:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 10 g / 106 g/mol ≈ 0.0943 mol
According to the balanced equation, the mole ratio between Na2CO3 and NaCl is 1:2. This means that for every 1 mole of Na2CO3, we will get 2 moles of NaCl.
So, if we have 0.0943 mol of Na2CO3, we can calculate the moles of NaCl using the mole ratio:
moles of NaCl = moles of Na2CO3 * (2 moles of NaCl / 1 mole of Na2CO3)
moles of NaCl = 0.0943 mol * (2 / 1) ≈ 0.1886 mol
Now, let's convert the moles of NaCl to mass using the molar mass of NaCl:
mass = moles * molar mass
mass = 0.1886 mol * 58.44 g/mol ≈ 11.01 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of NaCl is approximately 11.01 grams.
But be aware that in real life, the actual yield might be lower due to factors like incomplete reactions or side reactions. Chemistry can be a bit unpredictable, just like a clown with a chemistry set!
To calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl using a mass-to-mass calculation, you will need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Write down the balanced equation:
1 Na2CO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ⟶ 2 NaCl(aq) + 1 CO2(g) + 1 H2O(l)
Step 2: Determine the molar mass of Na2CO3 and NaCl:
- The molar mass of Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) is calculated by adding the atomic masses of the atoms in its chemical formula (2 sodium atoms, 1 carbon atom, and 3 oxygen atoms).
- The molar mass of NaCl (sodium chloride) is the sum of the atomic masses of sodium and chlorine.
Step 3: Convert the mass of Na2CO3 used to moles:
Divide the given mass of Na2CO3 by its molar mass to convert it into moles.
Step 4: Use the mole ratio:
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of Na2CO3 reacts with 2 moles of HCl to produce 2 moles of NaCl.
So, we can use the mole ratio of Na2CO3 to NaCl to calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl.
Step 5: Convert moles of NaCl to grams:
Multiply the number of moles of NaCl obtained in step 4 by the molar mass of NaCl to convert it into grams.
Following these steps will allow you to calculate the theoretical yield of NaCl using a mass-to-mass calculation.