How does the cell of a single-celled organism carry out its life functions differently from the cells of many-celled organism?

A many-celled organism has cells with specialized functions, while (out of necessity) a single-celled organism carries out all it's life functions within the cell.

The cells of single-celled organisms and many-celled organisms differ in terms of their structure, function, and how they carry out life functions.

Single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and amoebas, consist of only one cell that carries out all the necessary life functions. These cells are capable of independently performing essential processes such as obtaining nutrients, reproducing, eliminating waste, and maintaining homeostasis.

In contrast, many-celled organisms, like humans and plants, are composed of numerous specialized cells that work together in a coordinated manner to carry out life functions. Each type of cell in a multicellular organism is specialized for a specific task, such as nerve cells transmitting signals, muscle cells contracting, or epithelial cells forming protective barriers. These specialized cells work collaboratively to ensure the survival and functioning of the entire organism.

To specifically address the question of how these cells carry out life functions differently, let's consider a few examples:

1. Nutrition: Single-celled organisms directly take in nutrients from their surroundings through the process of diffusion or engulfing food particles, allowing them to perform metabolic activities for energy production. In multicellular organisms, different cells are specialized for obtaining, processing, and distributing nutrients, such as the digestive system in animals or the roots in plants.

2. Reproduction: Single-celled organisms can reproduce through processes like binary fission, where the cell divides into two identical offspring. In many-celled organisms, reproduction usually involves specialized reproductive cells, such as sperm and eggs, and complex processes like fertilization and development.

3. Waste elimination: Single-celled organisms can eliminate waste by releasing it directly into their environment. In multicellular organisms, waste elimination is carried out by specialized organs like kidneys, lungs, or liver, which eliminate waste from the body through complex filtration and excretion processes.

Overall, the key difference lies in the fact that single-celled organisms perform all life functions within a single cell, while many-celled organisms have specialized cells that work together to carry out these functions. By understanding these differences, we can appreciate the complexity and diversity of life forms on our planet.