Which was one contributing factor to the growth of medieval towns and cities?

A. the need for craft guilds

B. a greater number of merchants

C. expanded trade

D.demand for lumber

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One contributing factor to the growth of medieval towns and cities was expanded trade. To figure out the answer, you can start by considering each option and evaluating its relevance to the topic.

Option A: the need for craft guilds. While craft guilds were present in medieval towns and cities, their existence alone does not necessarily lead to the growth of these places. Craft guilds focused on regulating and protecting the interests of their members, but they were not the primary driving force behind the growth.

Option B: a greater number of merchants. This seems more plausible as an influencing factor. Merchants play a crucial role in trade, and an increase in the number of merchants suggests an uptick in economic activity, leading to the growth of towns and cities.

Option C: expanded trade. This option directly addresses the growth of towns and cities. As trade expanded, more goods were exchanged, leading to increased economic opportunities. This, in turn, attracted more people to settle in towns and cities, contributing to their growth.

Option D: demand for lumber. While the demand for lumber may have been present during the medieval period, it alone does not explain the growth of towns and cities. Lumber may have been required for construction and various industries, but it does not capture the broader factors contributing to urban growth.

Based on the explanations above, the most appropriate answer to the question is C. expanded trade.