What impact did the Peloponnesian War have on ancient Greece?
A. The war brought the city-states into contact with other civilizations.
B. The war discouraged seafaring and promoted greater economic self-sufficiency.
C. The war encouraged the city-states to unite behind central rule.**
D. The war weakened ties among the city-states and made them vulnerable to attack.
The correct answer is D. The Peloponnesian War weakened ties among the city-states and made them vulnerable to attack. Here's how you can arrive at this answer:
The Peloponnesian War was fought between two major alliances of city-states in ancient Greece: the Delian League, led by Athens, and the Peloponnesian League, led by Sparta. The war lasted from 431 to 404 BCE, and it had a profound impact on Greece.
To determine the impact of the Peloponnesian War, let's analyze the answer options:
A. The war brought the city-states into contact with other civilizations. While it is true that the war did lead to some interactions with other civilizations as Athens and Sparta sought allies, it was not the primary impact of the war.
B. The war discouraged seafaring and promoted greater economic self-sufficiency. This answer is partially true. The conflict disrupted trade and naval activities, but it did not necessarily promote economic self-sufficiency.
C. The war encouraged the city-states to unite behind central rule. This answer is incorrect. The war actually deepened divisions between the city-states and led to a breakdown of unity.
D. The war weakened ties among the city-states and made them vulnerable to attack. This answer is correct. The Peloponnesian War resulted in a loss of trust and cooperation between the city-states. They became more fragmented and susceptible to invasion by other powers.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. The war weakened ties among the city-states and made them vulnerable to attack.