liquid hexane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water. Suppose 7.8 g of hexane is mixed with 48.4 g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction.
2C6H14 + 19O2 --------> 12CO2 + 14H2O
7.8g*(1 mole/86.18g)= moles of Hexane
moles of Hexane*(12 moles of CO2/2 moles of C6H18)= moles of CO2
moles of CO2*(44.01g/mole)= max mass of CO2
Answer with the appropriate number of significant figures
To calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced, we first need to determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed in the reaction and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
To find the limiting reactant, we can compare the number of moles of hexane and oxygen available.
1. Calculate the number of moles of hexane:
- The molar mass of hexane (C6H14) is 86.18 g/mol.
- To convert grams to moles, divide the given mass of hexane (7.8 g) by its molar mass:
Moles of hexane = 7.8 g / 86.18 g/mol = 0.0904 mol
2. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen:
- The molar mass of oxygen (O2) is 32.00 g/mol.
- To convert grams to moles, divide the given mass of oxygen (48.4 g) by its molar mass:
Moles of oxygen = 48.4 g / 32.00 g/mol = 1.5125 mol
3. Determine the limiting reactant:
- The balanced chemical equation tells us that the ratio of hexane to oxygen is 1:9.
- This means that for every 1 mole of hexane, we need 9 moles of oxygen.
- Calculate the moles of oxygen needed to react with the moles of hexane available:
Moles of oxygen needed = 0.0904 mol hexane × (9 mol oxygen / 1 mol hexane) = 0.8136 mol
- Since we have 1.5125 mol of oxygen available, which is greater than the 0.8136 mol needed, oxygen is in excess.
- Therefore, hexane is the limiting reactant.
4. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide produced:
- Referring to the balanced chemical equation, the ratio of carbon dioxide to hexane is 1:1.
- This means that for every 1 mole of hexane, 1 mole of carbon dioxide is produced.
- Calculate the moles of carbon dioxide produced using the moles of hexane:
Moles of carbon dioxide = 0.0904 mol hexane
- The molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) is 44.01 g/mol.
- To convert moles to grams, multiply the moles of carbon dioxide by its molar mass:
Mass of carbon dioxide = 0.0904 mol × 44.01 g/mol = 3.964 g
Therefore, the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction is 3.964 grams.