Pls help me. Explain the following a. When methylated spirit is poured on the skin, it has cooling effect, b. A piece of ice at 0 degree Celsius cools a drink more effectively than the same mass of cold water at 0 degree Celsius, c

Ice floats on water, d. Moisture is deposited on the outside of a glass bottle containing very cold water, e. An earthen pot is better than a glass pot for storing cold drinking water in hot climate, f. A thin wire with heavy weights attached to its ends can cut through an ice block without breaking it,g. A pressure cooker boils food more quickly than an ordinary pot

alcohol evaporates fast. Heat of vaporization comes from skin

ice absorbs heat to melt (heat of fusion)

water expands when it forms into ice . Same mass, bigger volume --->less density than water

cold spot condenses water from air because cold air holds less water (humidity) than warm air

earth conducts heat much more slowly than glass

melting temp goes down with pressure. thin wire and large force make pressure on ice.

boiling point of water higher under pressure, thus water in pot does not boil until pressure is higher than outside in pressure cooker. Thus water in there is hotter and cooks food faster

a. When methylated spirit is poured on the skin, it has a cooling effect because it evaporates quickly. As the spirit evaporates, it absorbs heat from the skin, resulting in a cooling sensation.

b. A piece of ice at 0 degrees Celsius cools a drink more effectively than the same mass of cold water at 0 degrees Celsius because ice requires a larger amount of energy to melt compared to water. This process, known as latent heat of fusion, absorbs heat from the drink, thereby cooling it down.

c. Ice floats on water because it has a lower density than water. When water freezes, the water molecules form a crystal structure with empty spaces between them, which increases the volume and lowers the density. As a result, the ice is less dense than the liquid water, causing it to float.

d. Moisture is deposited on the outside of a glass bottle containing very cold water due to condensation. When warm air comes into contact with the cold surface of the bottle, it cools down, and its moisture condenses into liquid droplets on the bottle's surface.

e. An earthen pot is better than a glass pot for storing cold drinking water in hot climates because of its porous nature. The pores in the earthen pot allow water to seep through and evaporate on the outer surface, which results in a cooling effect. This evaporation process helps to maintain the temperature of the water inside the pot lower than the ambient temperature.

f. A thin wire with heavy weights attached to its ends can cut through an ice block without breaking it due to the pressure exerted. The weight of the heavy weights generates enough pressure on the wire, causing it to melt the ice at the point of contact and pass through without breaking the ice block.

g. A pressure cooker boils food more quickly than an ordinary pot due to the increased pressure inside the cooker. When the pressure inside the cooker increases, the boiling point of water also increases, leading to faster cooking. The higher pressure allows the food to cook at a higher temperature, resulting in faster heat transfer and reduced cooking time.

a. When methylated spirit is poured on the skin, it has a cooling effect because of the evaporation process. Methylated spirit contains alcohol, which has a lower boiling point than water. When it is applied to the skin, it rapidly evaporates, taking heat energy from the skin in the form of latent heat of vaporization. This evaporation process causes a cooling sensation on the skin.

b. A piece of ice at 0 degrees Celsius cools a drink more effectively than the same mass of cold water at 0 degrees Celsius because of its higher heat capacity. Heat capacity refers to the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance. Ice has a higher heat capacity compared to water, which means it can absorb more heat energy from the drink, causing a greater cooling effect.

c. Ice floats on water because of its lower density in its solid state. When water freezes and turns into ice, its molecules form a more organized crystal structure, creating a lattice arrangement. This arrangement causes the ice to have a lower density than liquid water. As a result, the ice floats on the surface of water instead of sinking.

d. Moisture is deposited on the outside of a glass bottle containing very cold water because of condensation. When the temperature of the cold water inside the bottle is significantly lower than the temperature of the surrounding air, the air in contact with the bottle cools down. As the air cools, it loses its ability to hold moisture in the form of water vapor, leading to condensation. This condensation appears as moisture on the outside of the bottle.

e. An earthen pot is better than a glass pot for storing cold drinking water in a hot climate because of its porous nature. Earthen pots are made from clay, which is a porous material. This porosity allows water to seep through the tiny pores and evaporate on the surface, causing a cooling effect. Additionally, the earthen pot's thick walls provide insulation against external heat, helping to maintain the cold temperature of the water stored inside.

f. A thin wire with heavy weights attached to its ends can cut through an ice block without breaking it due to the principle of pressure. When the wire is placed on the ice block, the weights apply pressure to the wire. Because the wire has a smaller surface area compared to the ice block, the pressure exerted per unit area is relatively high. This increased pressure causes the ice to melt at the point of contact with the wire, allowing the wire to cut through the ice without breaking it.

g. A pressure cooker boils food more quickly than an ordinary pot because of the increased internal pressure. In a pressure cooker, the airtight seal and the presence of a pressure relief valve allow steam to build up inside the pot, increasing the internal pressure. The higher pressure increases the boiling point of the water, allowing the food to cook at a higher temperature. This higher temperature leads to faster cooking times compared to an ordinary pot where the boiling point is lower.