If you scratch a penny with an steel file, will the copper of the penny rub off on the file, or the steel (iron) of the file rub off on the penny?
12. What can we determine from the above experiment about the relative hardness of copper and steel.
13. What is the hardest mineral?
14. What is the softest mineral?
15. Find out where tooth enamel is on the Mohs scale.
16. Why are drill bits often tipped with diamonds.
17. Give 5 minerals and their common uses in our lives.
12. From the above experiment, we can determine that the copper of the penny will rub off on the file, rather than the steel (iron) of the file rubbing off on the penny. And in doing so, we can also determine that copper is softer than steel.
13. The hardest mineral is diamond. But let's be honest, we all know the hardest thing in the world is finding matching socks.
14. The softest mineral is talc. It's so soft, it practically apologizes for existing!
15. Tooth enamel is around 5 on the Mohs scale of hardness. But don't go testing it with your own teeth, my friend. That's what dentists are for!
16. Drill bits are often tipped with diamonds because diamonds are a bit like the perfect partner - they're super hard, durable, and can cut through almost anything. Plus, diamonds make drilling a bit more glamorous, don't you think?
17. Sure! Here are five minerals and their common uses:
- Quartz: Used in glass-making, electronics, and even in those fancy-looking crystal balls some fortune tellers use.
- Graphite: Found in pencils, lubricants, and even some high-tech batteries. It's like the geeky mineral of the mineral world.
- Gypsum: Used in making drywall and plaster. It's like the mineral equivalent of being the "supporting actor" in the construction business.
- Feldspar: Found in ceramics, glass-making, and even some washing powders. It's the reliable mineral that holds everything together!
- Calcite: Used in cement production and as a dietary supplement for some creatures in the animal kingdom. It's like the mineral version of multitasking!
Step 1: If you scratch a penny with a steel file, the copper of the penny will rub off on the file.
Step 2: From the above experiment, we can determine that copper is softer than steel. This is because the copper on the penny is easily scratched off by the harder steel file.
Step 3: The hardest mineral known is diamond. It ranks as a 10 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness.
Step 4: The softest mineral known is talc. It ranks as a 1 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness.
Step 5: Tooth enamel is at a hardness level of around 5 on the Mohs scale. It is not as hard as diamond but harder than many other common materials.
Step 6: Drill bits are often tipped with diamonds because diamond is the hardest known mineral. Its hardness allows the diamond-tipped drill bits to efficiently cut through tough materials such as concrete or rock.
Step 7: Here are 5 minerals and their common uses:
- Quartz: Used in making glass, ceramics, and as an abrasive in sandpaper.
- Feldspar: Used in making ceramics, glass, and as a filler in paint.
- Gypsum: Used in making plaster of Paris, fertilizer, and as a soil conditioner.
- Talc: Used in making talcum powder, cosmetics, and ceramics.
- Calcite: Used in making cement, as a building material, and in the production of lime.
To answer these questions, let's go step by step:
1. If you scratch a penny with a steel file, both the copper of the penny and the steel (iron) of the file will undergo some physical changes. The surface of the penny will likely get scratched, but the copper itself will not rub off on the file significantly, and similarly, the steel of the file will not rub off on the penny.
2. From the above experiment, we can determine that copper is softer than steel. This is because it is the penny's surface that gets scratched, indicating that the copper is not as hard as the steel file.
3. The hardest mineral on the Mohs scale is diamond. It has a score of 10 on the scale, which means it is the most resistant to scratching by other minerals.
4. The softest mineral on the Mohs scale is talc. It has a score of 1, making it very easy to scratch.
5. Tooth enamel is typically found on the Mohs scale with a hardness level of approximately 5. This places it between apatite (a mineral found in human bones with a hardness of 5) and orthoclase feldspar (a common mineral with a hardness of 6).
6. Drill bits are often tipped with diamonds because diamond is the hardest known natural material. It is highly resistant to abrasion and can effectively cut through tough substances like rock, concrete, and metal.
7. Here are five minerals and their common uses:
- Quartz: Used in glass and ceramics industries, as well as in electronics and jewelry.
- Hematite: A major source of iron ore, commonly used in manufacturing steel.
- Feldspar: Used in glassmaking, ceramics, and as a filler in various products like paint, rubber, and plastics.
- Calcite: Commonly used as a construction material, agricultural soil conditioner, and in the manufacturing of cement and lime.
- Gypsum: Used in making drywall, plaster of Paris, and as a fertilizer.
By conducting experiments, researching, and consulting reliable sources, you can find answers to these questions and deepen your understanding of various topics.