11. Mixing 40.0 mL of a 4.00 M sodium chloride solution with 20.0 mL of a 5.00 M calcium chloride solution results in a solution with a chloride ion concentration of:
A) 4.33 M.
B) 4.50 M.
C) 6.00 M.
D) 7.00 M.
E) none of these
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To determine the chloride ion concentration in the resulting solution, we need to calculate the moles of chloride ions in each solution and then add them together.
1. Calculate the moles of chloride ions in the 40.0 mL of a 4.00 M sodium chloride solution:
- Moles = volume (L) x concentration (M)
- Moles of chloride ions = (40.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) x 4.00 M
- Moles of chloride ions = 0.160 mol
2. Calculate the moles of chloride ions in the 20.0 mL of a 5.00 M calcium chloride solution:
- Moles = volume (L) x concentration (M)
- Moles of chloride ions = (20.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) x 5.00 M
- Moles of chloride ions = 0.100 mol
3. Add the moles of chloride ions from both solutions to find the total moles of chloride ions in the resulting solution:
- Total moles of chloride ions = 0.160 mol + 0.100 mol
- Total moles of chloride ions = 0.260 mol
4. Calculate the total volume of the resulting solution by adding the volumes of the two solutions used:
- Total volume = 40.0 mL + 20.0 mL
- Total volume = 60.0 mL
5. Calculate the chloride ion concentration in the resulting solution:
- Concentration (M) = total moles / total volume (L)
- Concentration (M) = 0.260 mol / (60.0 mL / 1000 mL/L)
- Concentration (M) = 4.33 M
Therefore, the chloride ion concentration in the resulting solution is 4.33 M. The answer is A) 4.33 M.
To find the chloride ion concentration of the resulting solution, you need to calculate the moles of chloride ions present in each solution and then add them together.
Step 1: Calculate the moles of chloride ions in the sodium chloride solution.
Moles of chloride ions = volume of solution (in L) × concentration of chloride ions (in mol/L)
Given:
Volume of the sodium chloride solution = 40.0 mL = 40.0/1000 = 0.04 L
Concentration of chloride ions in the sodium chloride solution = 4.00 M
Moles of chloride ions in the sodium chloride solution = 0.04 L × 4.00 mol/L = 0.16 mol
Step 2: Calculate the moles of chloride ions in the calcium chloride solution.
Moles of chloride ions = volume of solution (in L) × concentration of chloride ions (in mol/L)
Given:
Volume of the calcium chloride solution = 20.0 mL = 20.0/1000 = 0.02 L
Concentration of chloride ions in the calcium chloride solution = 5.00 M
Moles of chloride ions in the calcium chloride solution = 0.02 L × 5.00 mol/L = 0.10 mol
Step 3: Add the moles of chloride ions from both solutions to get the total moles of chloride ions in the resulting solution.
Total moles of chloride ions = moles of chloride ions in the sodium chloride solution + moles of chloride ions in the calcium chloride solution
Total moles of chloride ions = 0.16 mol + 0.10 mol = 0.26 mol
Step 4: Calculate the chloride ion concentration of the resulting solution.
Concentration of chloride ions = total moles of chloride ions / total volume of the resulting solution (in L)
Given:
Total volume of the resulting solution = volume of sodium chloride solution + volume of calcium chloride solution
Total volume of the resulting solution = 40.0 mL + 20.0 mL = 60.0 mL = 60.0/1000 = 0.06 L
Concentration of chloride ions = 0.26 mol / 0.06 L ≈ 4.33 M
Therefore, the chloride ion concentration of the resulting solution is approximately 4.33 M. Hence, the answer is A) 4.33 M.