Equation: Fe+CuCl2>FeCl2+Cu

We put two iron nails into the copper chloride solution:1. mass of empty dry beaker:103.64 2. mass of two iron nails, before reaction:1.20 3. mass of two iron nails after reaction: 1.01 4. mass of beaker and copper (dry):104.4
Through calculations:number of moles of atoms iron reacted is 0.0034 mol Fe
number of moles of atoms of copper produced is 0.012mol Cu.

The ratio of moles of copper produced to moles of iron reacted should be 1:1,but I get 60:17 in lab,can you tell me What might have caused them to be differ from what we expect them to be?

The equation you provided represents a single displacement reaction where iron (Fe) reacts with copper chloride (CuCl2) to form iron chloride (FeCl2) and copper (Cu).

To determine the ratio of moles of copper produced to moles of iron reacted, you correctly calculated the number of moles of iron reacted as 0.0034 mol Fe and the number of moles of copper produced as 0.012 mol Cu.

In theory, according to the balanced equation, the ratio of moles of copper to moles of iron should be 1:1. However, in your experiment, you obtained a ratio of 60:17, which does not match the expected ratio. There could be several factors that might have caused this discrepancy:

1. Incomplete reaction: It is possible that the reaction did not go to completion, which means not all the iron reacted with copper chloride. This could be due to factors like not enough copper chloride in the solution or insufficient time for the reaction to fully occur.

2. Impurities: The presence of impurities in either the iron nails or the copper chloride solution could affect the reaction and disrupt the expected stoichiometry. Contaminants might inhibit the reaction or create additional byproducts.

3. Experimental errors: Errors during the experiment, such as inaccurate measurements of the masses or volumes, could contribute to the difference in the observed ratio. It's important to ensure precise measurements and minimize experimental errors to obtain more accurate results.

4. Side reactions: There is a possibility of side reactions occurring alongside the main reaction, resulting in the formation of other compounds that could affect the stoichiometry. Side reactions can occur due to factors like high temperature, impurities, or reaction conditions.

To further investigate the cause of the difference, it may be helpful to repeat the experiment, ensuring careful control of variables, accurate measurements, and sufficient reaction time. Additionally, conducting additional tests, such as purity analysis of reagents, can help to identify possible sources of error.